The results also have implications for Iberia, where aDNA data for the onset of the Neolithic do exist but are less clear owing to the lack of decisive Mesolithic evidence across most of the peninsula (mainly based on the mtDNA control region, and with some potential contamination issues [64]). The mtDNA patterns appear to be distinctive [55,65,66], but Y-chromosome variation may point to immigration from further east [11,12], and there are very close similarities in the genome-wide signal for the central European LBK and the Iberian Early Neolithic [20]—although Chalcolithic Basque samples seem to carry a higher fraction of Mesolithic European ancestry [67].